The main difference lies in how they assist with fertility. IUI (Intrauterine Insemination) places sperm directly into the uterus to foster fertilization, making it less invasive and often a first step in fertility treatment. IVF (In Vitro Fertilization), on the other hand, involves removing eggs and fertilizing them outside the body before returning them to the uterus, making it more complex and with higher success rates.

IUI works by inserting specially washed sperm directly into the uterus during ovulation, increasing the chances of fertilization. It's a good option for those with conditions like PCOS, unexplained infertility, or minor sperm abnormalities. Single mothers also consider it by choice, and same-sex couples want to start a family.

IVF involves stimulating the ovaries to produce multiple eggs, retrieving them, and then fertilizing them in a lab. The embryos are then transferred back into the uterus. It's particularly effective for severe male infertility, blocked fallopian tubes, low sperm count, and cases where other treatments haven't worked.

Several factors play a role, including the age of the woman, the primary cause of infertility, and the quality of the IVF laboratory. Each person's situation is unique, so discussing these factors with a fertility specialist is important.

Both procedures are generally considered safe, but they do come with some risks, mainly related to the use of fertility medications. For example, there's a chance of developing ovarian cysts or experiencing side effects from the medications. There's also a risk of multiple births with both IUI and IVF, especially if more than one embryo is transferred.

The choice depends on several factors, including your medical diagnosis, age, financial situation, insurance coverage, and personal preferences. Many start with IUI and move to IVF if necessary, but your fertility specialist can offer the best advice based on your specific circumstances.